Witness (Noun and Verb) - Vine's Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words
Witness (Noun and Verb)
[ A-1,Noun,3144,martus / martur ] (whence Eng., martyr," one who bears "witness" by his death) denotes "one who can or does aver what he has seen or heard or knows;" it is used(a) of God, Romans 1:9; 2 Corinthians 1:23; Philippians 1:8; 1 Thessalonians 2:5,1 Thessalonians 2:10 (2nd part);
(b) of Christ, Revelation 1:5; Revelation 3:14;
(c) of those who "witness" for Christ by their death, Acts 22:20; Revelation 2:13; Revelation 17:6;
(d) of the interpreters of God's counsels, yet to "witness" in Jerusalem in the times of the Antichrist, Revelation 11:3;
(e) in a forensic sense, Matthew 18:16; Matthew 26:65; Mark 14:63; Acts 6:13; Acts 7:58; 2 Corinthians 13:1; 1 Timothy 5:19; Hebrews 10:28;
(f) in a historical sense, Luke 11:48; Luke 24:48; Acts 1:8,Acts 1:22; Acts 2:32; Acts 3:15; Acts 5:32; Acts 10:39,Acts 10:41; Acts 13:31; Acts 22:15; Acts 26:16; 1 Thessalonians 2:10 (1st part); 1 Timothy 6:12; 2 Timothy 2:2; Hebrews 12:1, "(a cloud) of witnesses," here of those mentioned in ch. 11, those whose lives and actions testified to the worth and effect of faith, and whose faith received "witness" in Scripture; 1 Peter 5:1.
[ A-2,Noun,G3141, marturia ]
"testimony, a bearing witness," is translated "witness" in Mark 14:55-Mark 14:56,Mark 14:59; Luke 22:71; John 1:7,John 1:19 (RV); John 3:11,John 3:32-John 3:33 (RV); John 5:31-John 5:32,John 5:34 (RV), John 5:36; RV in John 8:13-John 8:14,John 8:17; John 19:35; John 21:24; AV in Titus 1:13; AV and RV in 1 John 5:9 (thrice), 10 (1st part); RV in 1 John 5:10 (2nd part), 1 John 5:11; 3 John 1:12, See TESTIMONY, No. 2.
[ A-3,Noun,G3142, marturion ]
"testimony or witness as borne, a declaration of facts," is translated "witness" in Matthew 24:14, AV; Acts 4:33; Acts 7:44 (AV); James 5:3 (AV): See TESTIMONY, No. 1.
[ A-4,Noun,G5575, pseudomartus[-tur] ]
denotes "a false witness," Matthew 26:60; 1 Corinthians 15:15.
[ A-5,Noun,G5577, pseudomarturia ]
"false witness," occurs in Matthew 15:19; Matthew 26:59.
[ B-1,Verb,G3140, martureo ]
denotes
(I) "to be a martus" (See A, No. 1), or "to bear witness to," sometimes rendered "to testify" (See TESTIFY, No. 1); it is used of the "witness"
(a) of God the Father to Christ, John 5:32,John 5:37; John 8:18 (2nd part); 1 John 5:9-10; to others, Acts 13:22; Acts 15:8; Hebrews 11:2,Hebrews 11:4 (twice), Hebrews 11:5,Hebrews 11:39;
(b) of Christ, John 3:11,John 3:32; John 4:44; John 5:31; John 7:7; John 8:13-John 8:14,John 8:18 (1st part); John 13:21; John 18:37; Acts 14:3; 1 Timothy 6:13; Revelation 22:18,Revelation 22:20; of the Holy Spirit, to Christ, John 15:26; Hebrews 10:15; 1 John 5:7-8, RV, which rightly omits the latter part of 1 John 5:7 (it was a marginal gloss which crept into the original text: See THREE); it finds no support in Scripture;
(c) of the Scriptures, to Christ, John 5:39; Hebrews 7:8,Hebrews 7:17;
(d) of the works of Christ, to Himself, and of the circumstances connected with His Death, John 5:36; John 10:25; 1 John 5:8;
(e) of prophets and apostles, to the righteousness of God, Romans 3:21; to Christ, John 1:7-John 1:8,John 1:15,John 1:32,John 1:34; John 3:26; John 5:33, RV; John 15:27; John 19:35; John 21:24; Acts 10:43; Acts 23:11; 1 Corinthians 15:15; 1 John 1:2; 1 John 4:14; Revelation 1:2; to doctrine, Acts 26:22 (in some texts, so AV; See No. 2); to the Word of God, Revelation 1:2;
(f) of others, concerning Christ, Luke 4:22; John 4:39; John 12:17;
(g) of believers to one another, John 3:28; 2 Corinthians 8:3; Galatians 4:15; Colossians 4:13; 1 Thessalonians 2:11 (in some texts: See No. 2); 3 John 1:3,3 John 1:6,3 John 1:12 (2nd part);
(h) of the Apostle Paul concerning Israel, Romans 10:2;
(i) of an angel, to the churches, Revelation 22:16;
(j) of unbelievers concerning themselves, Matthew 23:31; concerning Christ, John 18:23; concerning others, John 2:25; Acts 22:5; Acts 26:5; (II) "to give a good report, to approve of," Acts 6:3; Acts 10:22; Acts 16:2; Acts 22:12; 1 Timothy 5:10; 3 John 1:12 (1st part); some would put Luke 4:22 here.
[ B-2,Verb,G3143, marturomai ]
strictly meaning "to summon as a witness," signifies "to affirm solemnly, adjure," and is used in the Middle Voice only, rendered "to testify" in Acts 20:26, RV (AV, "I take ... to record"); Acts 26:22, RV, in the best texts [See No. 1
(e)]; Galatians 5:3; Ephesians 4:17; 1 Thessalonians 2:11, in the best texts [See No. 1
(g)].
[ B-3,Verb,G4828, summartureo ]
denotes "to bear witness with" (sun), Romans 2:15; Romans 8:16; Romans 9:1.
[ B-4,Verb,G4901, sunepimartureo ]
denotes "to join in bearing witness with others," Hebrews 2:4.
[ B-5,Verb,G2649, katamartureo ]
denotes "to witness against" (kata), Matthew 26:62; Matthew 27:13; Mark 14:60 (in some mss., Mark 15:4, for kategoreo, "to accuse," RV).
[ B-6,Verb,G5576, pseudomartureo ]
"to bear false witness" (pseudes, "false"), occurs in Matthew 19:18; Mark 10:19; Mark 14:56-Mark 14:57; Luke 18:20; in some texts, Romans 13:9.
[ C-1,Adjective,G267, amarturos ]
denotes "without witness" (a, negative, and martus), Acts 14:17.