שֶׁ, also ( [Gen 6:3] [? see 4 a], [Judg 5:7] (twice in verse); [Song 1:7]; [Job 19:29] [?]) שַּׁ , שָׁ in שָׁאַתָּה [Judg 6:17], and שְׁ in שְׁהוּא [Eccl 2:22], שְׁהֵם [Eccl 3:18] (elsewhere before guttural שֶׁ, as שֶׁאֲנִי [Song 1:6]; [Eccl 2:18], שֶׁאֵין [Ps 146:3], שֶׁהֵם [Song 6:5]; [Lam 4:9], שֶׁעַל [Judg 7:12]; [Judg 8:26], שֶׁרּאֹשִׁי [Song 5:2]), relative particle who, which, that, etc. (constantly in Late Hebrew; Aramaic of Nerab, Ldzb371, 445; Assyrian sha; Phoenician אש (regularly), also sometimes ש (Ldzb227 f.): according to Ges Ew§ 181 b Olp. 439 Sta§ 176 e, abbreviated from אֲשֶׁר; more probably (Sperling [see אֲשֶׁר], Köii. 323 f.) an original demonstrative particle), synonym with אֲשֶׁר, but in usage limited to late Hebrew, and passages with north Palestinian colouring, namely [Judg 5:7] (twice in verse) [אֲשֶׁר v[Judg 5:27]], [Judg 6:17]; [Judg 7:12]; [Judg 8:26]; [2Kgs 6:11] (see 4 c), [Jonah 1:7]; [Jonah 1:12]; [Jonah 4:10] [אֲשֶׁר 11 t.], [Ps 122:3]; [Ps 122:4]; [Ps 123:2]; [Ps 124:1]; [Ps 124:2]; [Ps 124:6]; [Ps 129:6]; [Ps 129:7]; [Ps 133:2]; [Ps 133:3]; [Ps 135:2]; [Ps 135:8]; [Ps 135:10]; [Ps 136:23]; [Ps 137:8]; [Ps 137:9]; [Ps 144:15]; [Ps 146:3]; [Ps 146:5]; [Lam 2:15]; [Lam 2:16]; [Lam 4:9]; [Lam 5:18]; [Ezra 8:20]; [1Chr 5:20]; [1Chr 27:27] Canticles (uniformly, except in title [Song 1:1]); Ecclesiastes (68 t.; אֲשֶׁא 89 t.); also (dubious) [Gen 6:3]; [Gen 49:10] (שֶׁלֹּה ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7), [Job 19:29] and in the proper name (q. v.) מִישָׁאֵל and מְתוּשָׁאֵל. — In usage, שֶּׁ is in the main parallel with אֲשֶׁר, namely
1. as pronoun who, which, whom, [Judg 7:12] כַּהוֺל שֶׁעַל שְׂפַת הַיָּם (compare חוֺל c), [Ps 122:3]; [Ps 124:6] etc.; him whom, that which, etc., [Song 1:7]; [Song 3:1]; [1Chr 27:27]; [Eccl 1:11]; [Eccl 6:3] וְרַב שֶׁיִּהְיוּ יְמֵי חַיָּיו and much (verb) is that which his days amount to (Hi De and others), v[Eccl 6:10] הוּא שֶּׁ that which [Eccl 1:9] (twice in verse); in the genitive, אַשְׁרֵי שֶּׁ [Ps 137:8]; [Ps 137:9]; [Ps 146:5]. — On מַהשֶּּֿׁ in Eccl = whatever, what, see מָה 1 e b.
2. as a connecting link; = where (compare אֲשֶׁר p. 81, and 4 b β), מְקוֺם שֶּׁ [Eccl 1:7]; [Eccl 11:3] (compare מְקוֺם אֲשֶׁר [Gen 39:20] +: Ges«GKC:130c»§ 130c), whither [Ps 122:4] (שֶׁשָּׁם ֗֗֗ ), when [Song 8:8]; [Eccl 12:3] בַּיּוֺם שֶּׁ (compare ib. 4 b a).
3.as a conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8); —
\ \ a. that, after רָאָה [Eccl 2:13]; [Eccl 3:18], יָרַע [Eccl 1:17]; [Eccl 2:14]; [Eccl 9:5]; [Job 19:19] (?), דִּבֶּר [Eccl 2:15], אָמַר [Eccl 8:14], עָשָׂה אוֺת [Judg 6:17] as subject of sentence, [Eccl 3:13]; [Eccl 5:15] also in the phrases, (a) what is ... that ? [Song 5:9] (usually כִּי; see מָךְ 1 d b), מֶה הָיָה שֶּׁ how comes it that ... ? [Eccl 7:10]
\ \ \ (b) [Song 3:4] כִּמְעַט שֶׁעָבַרְתּת מֵהֶם hardly (was it) that (German kaum dass) I had passed, etc., [Eccl 7:14] עַל דִּדבְרַת שֶׁלּאֹ יִמְצָא to the intent that ..., [Eccl 5:15] כָּלעֻֿמַּת שֶׁבֶּא exactly as ..., [Eccl 12:9] תֵר שֶׁ besides that, עַד שֶּׁ (עַד ּ [Judg 5:7]) until that [Ps 123:2]; [Song 2:7]; [Song 2:17] + (see III. עַד II 1 a a and b; compare Late Hebrew Yoma [Song 5:1]), while [Song 1:12] (ib. 2 d); עָשָׂהשֶּׁ to make or cause that ..., [Eccl 3:14] (compare [Ezek 36:27]).
\ \ b. involving a reason (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c), because, since, [Song 1:6] (twice in verse); [Song 5:2]; [Eccl 2:18] b. Hence שֵׁלָּמָה [Song 1:7] since why ? = lest (see מָה 4 d b).
4. compounds:
\ \
a. בְּשֶּׁ , i. q.
בַּאֲשֶׁר c (p. 84a)
in that, seeing that,
[Eccl 2:16] also (according to
ᵑ0 ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Hu
De)
[Gen 6:3] בְּשַׁגַּם הוּא בָשָׂר because that he also is flesh; but see
שָׁגַג.
\ \
b. כּשֶּׁ , i. q.
כַּאֲשֶׁר p. 455: —
(a) according as [Eccl 5:14];
[Eccl 12:7] (b) when (so often in Late Hebrew, as
Ab [Eccl 1:8] (3 t. in verse);
[Eccl 1:14])
[Eccl 9:12];
[Eccl 10:3].
\ \
c. מִשֶּּׁ , i. q.
מֵאֲשֶׁר a (p. 84:a),
[2Kgs 6:12] מִי מִשֶּׁלָּנוּ who of
those that are ours ? (but
Klo KmpKau Benz מְגַלֵּנוּ who
betrays us ? compare
ᵐ5);
[Eccl 5:4] than that (compare
מֵאֲשֶׁר [Eccl 3:22]), +
[Eccl 2:24] (read
מִשֶּׁיּאֹכַל with
Ew De, etc.; compare
[Eccl 3:22]).
\ \
d. שֶׁל, like
אֲשֶׁרלְ (
אֲשֶׁר 7 b),
a mark of the genitive: thrice, adding slight emphasis to the suffix,
[Song 1:6] =
[Song 8:12] כַּרְמִי שֶׁלִּי my vineyard (literally my vineyard, which is mine),
[Song 3:7] מִטָּתוֺ שֶׁלִּשְׁלֹמֹה (so often in Late Hebrew, but without any special emphasis, as
Aboth [Song 1:12] הֲוֵי מתלמידיווּ שׁלאֿהרן be of Aaron's disciples,
[Song 2:1] שְׂכָרָן שֶׁלמִֿצְוֺת, v
[Song 2:2];
[Song 3:2] הֲוֵי מתפלל בשׁלומהּ שׁלמֿלכות; compare
in Syriac, as
[Luke 6:42] my words,
Nö§ 225). And with
בְּ,
בְּשֶׁל literally
through that which belongs to or
concerns, pleonastic for
on account of (a late, unidiomatic translation of Aramaic
בְּרִיל, from
בְּ,
דִּי, and
לְ, as in
Onk [Gen 12:13] בדילי on my account,
[Gen 30:27];
[Gen 39:5] בְּדִיל יוֺסֵף,
בְּדִיל מָא on account of what ?
[Judg 8:1];
[2Sam 9:1];
[1Kgs 11:12];
[1Kgs 11:39], etc.),
[Jonah 1:7] בְּשֶׁלְּמִי on account of whom ? (|| v
[Jonah 1:8] בַּאֲשֶׁר לְמִי; probably a gloss), v
[Jonah 1:12] בְּשֶׁלִּי an account of me (
ᵑ7 בְּדִיל מַן,
בְּדִילִי);
[Eccl 8:17] בְּשֶׁל אֲשֶׁר יַעֲמֹל הָאָדָם לְבַקֵּשׁ on account of (the fact)
that (= seeing that) man labours, etc. (unidiomatic translation of Aramaic
בְּדִיל דְּ because that, as
[Gen 6:3] בְּדִיל דְּאִינוּן בִּסְרָא,
[Gen 39:9] בְּרִיל דְּאַתְּ אִיתְּתֵיהּ [for Hebrew
בַּאֲשֶׁר אַתְּ אִשְׁתּוֺ]; Palmyrene
בדיל די Ldzb233, — in
Tariff [Gen 1:4] (
CookeN. Semitic Inscr. 320) =
ἐπειδή).
[שֹׁא] see [ שׁוֺא].
The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon
License: Public domain document; formatting developed for use in https://marvel.bible by Eliran Wong.
Source: provided by Tim Morton, the developer of Bible Analyzer