BDB430 [H430]
1. plural in number.
\ \ a.rulers, judges , either as divine representatives at sacred places or as reflecting divine majesty and power: האלהים Exod 21:6 (Onk ᵑ6 , but τὸ κριτήριον τοῦ Θεοῦ ᵐ5 ) Exod 22:7; Exod 22:8 אלהים Exod 22:8; Exod 22:27 (ᵑ7 Ra AE Ew RVm ; but gods , ᵐ5 Josephus Philo AV ; God , Di RV ; all Covt. code of E ) compare 1Sam 2:25 see Dr .; Judg 5:8 (Ew , but gods ᵐ5 ; God ᵑ6 BarHebr .; יהוה ᵑ9 Be ) Ps 82:1; Ps 82:6 (De Ew Pe ; but angels Bl Hup ) Ps 138:1 (ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Rab Ki De ; but angels ᵐ5 Calv ; God , Ew ; gods , Hup Pe Che ).
\ \ b.divine ones , superhuman beings including God and angels Ps 8:6 (De Che Br ; but angels ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Ew ; God , RV and most moderns) Gen 1:27 (if with Philo ᵑ7 Jerome De Che we interpret נעשה as God's consultation with angels; compare Job 38:7).
\ \ c. angels Psalm Job 97:7 (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Calv ; but gods , Hup De Pe Che ); compare בני (ה)אלהים = (the ) sons of God , or sons of gods = angels Job 1:6; Job 2:1; Job 38:7; Gen 6:2; Gen 6:4 (J ; so ᵐ5 Books of Enoch & Jubilees Philo Jude vJude 1:6; 2Pet 2:4 JosAnt. «JOSEPHUS:Antiquities 1:3»i. 3. 1, most ancient fathers and modern critics ; against usage are sons of princes, mighty men , Onk and Rab.; sons of God , the pious, Theod Chrys Jerome Augustine Luther Calv Hengst ; ᵐ5 L read οἱ υιὁὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ ), compare בני אלים .
\ \ d.gods האלהים Exod 18:11; Exod 22:19 (E ) 1Sam 4:8; 2Chr 2:4; Ps 86:8 אלהי האלהים the God of gods , supreme God Deut 10:17; Ps 136:2 אלהים Exod 32:1; Exod 32:23 (J E ) Judg 9:13 אלהים אחרים other gods Exod 20:3; Exod 23:13; Josh 24:2; Josh 24:16 (E ) Deut 31:18; Deut 31:20 (J E ) Deut 5:7 + (17 t. in D , not P ) Judg 2:12; Judg 2:17; Judg 2:19; Judg 10:13; 1Sam 8:8; 1Sam 26:19; 1Kgs 9:6; 1Kgs 9:9 (= 2Chr 7:19; 2Chr 7:22) 2Chr 11:4; 2Chr 11:10; 2Chr 14:9; 2Kgs 5:17; 2Kgs 17:35; 2Kgs 17:37; 2Kgs 17:38; 2Kgs 22:17 (= 2Chr 34:25) 2Chr 28:25; Jer 1:16 + (18 t. Jeremiah) Hos 3:1 אלהי (ה)נכר foreign gods Gen 35:2; Gen 35:4; Josh 24:20; Josh 24:23 (E ) Deut 31:16 (J E ) Judg 10:16; 1Sam 7:3; 2Chr 33:15; Jer 5:19 נחור ׳ א Gen 31:53 (E ); מצרים ׳ א Exod 12:12 (P ) Jer 43:12; Jer 43:13 האמרי ׳ א Josh 24:15 (E ) Judg 6:10 ארם ׳ א etc. Judg 10:6 אלהים מעשה ידי Deut 4:28 הגוים ׳ א gods of the nations 2Kgs 18:33; 2Kgs 19:12; Deut 29:17; 2Chr 32:17; 2Chr 32:19; Isa 36:18; Isa 37:12 העמים ׳ א Deut 6:14; Deut 13:8; Judg 2:12; Ps 96:5; 1Chr 5:25; 1Chr 16:26; 2Chr 32:13; 2Chr 32:14 כסף ׳ א Exod 20:23 (E ); זהב ׳ א Exod 20:23 (E ) Exod 32:31 (J E ); מַסֵּכָה ׳ א Exod 34:17 (J ) Lev 19:4 (H ).
\ \ a.
\ \ b.
\ \ c. angels Psalm
\ \ d.
2. Plural intensive.
\ \ a.god or goddess , always with suffix 1Sam 5:7 (Dagon), Judg 11:24 (Chemosh), 1Kgs 18:24 (Baal), Judg 9:27; Dan 1:2 (twice in verse); or construct לעשתרת מואב ׳ צדנים לכמוש א ׳ א to Ashtoreth goddess of the Zidonians, Chemosh god of Moab, etc. 1Kgs 11:33 הארץ ׳ א god of the land 2Kgs 17:26 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 17:27, and so the Syrians suppose that Yahweh is a mountain-god and not a god of valleys 1Kgs 20:28.
\ \ b.godlike one Exod 4:16 (J ; Moses in relation to Aaron), Exod 7:1 (P ; in relation to Pharaoh), 1Sam 28:13 (the shade of Samuel), Ps 45:7 (the Messianic king, O God , ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Jerome , most scholars ancient and modern, but thy throne is God's = God's throne AE Ki Thea Ew Hup , compare 1Chr 28:5).
\ \ c. works of God, or things specially belonging to him (seeאֵל 5) הר אלהים Ps 68:16; Ezek 28:14; Ezek 28:16 אש אלהים Job 1:16 גן (ה)אלהים Ezek 28:13; Ezek 31:8; Ezek 31:9.
\ \ d. God (see 3 & 4).
\ \ a.
\ \ b.
\ \ c. works of God, or things specially belonging to him (see
\ \ d. God (see 3 & 4).
3. הָאֱלֹהִים the (true ) God , הוא האלהים ׳ י Yahweh is (the ) God Deut 4:35; Deut 4:39; Deut 7:9; 1Kgs 8:60; 1Kgs 18:39 (twice in verse); 2Chr 33:13 הוא האלהים Isa 45:18 האלהים ׳ י Josh 22:34 (P ?) 1Kgs 18:21; 1Kgs 18:24; 2Chr 32:16 אתה הוא האלהים 2Sam 7:28; 1Kgs 18:37; 2Kgs 19:15; 1Chr 17:26; Isa 37:16; Neh 9:7 האלהים as subject or object is used in E 33 t., Chronicles 38 t., Eccl 31 t., Jonah 5 t., elsewhere Gen 5:22; Gen 5:24; Gen 6:9; Gen 6:11 (sources of P ) Gen 17:18 (P ) Josh 22:34 (P ?) Gen 44:16 (J ) Deut 4:35; Deut 4:39; Deut 7:9; Judg 6:36; Judg 6:39; Judg 7:14; Judg 10:14; Judg 16:28; Judg 21:2; 1Sam 10:3; 1Sam 10:7; 1Sam 14:36; 2Sam 2:27; 2Sam 6:7; 2Sam 7:28; 2Sam 12:16; 1Kgs 8:60; 1Kgs 18:21; 1Kgs 18:24 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 18:37; 1Kgs 18:39 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 19:15 (Ephr ) Job 2:10; Jer 11:12; Isa 37:16; Isa 45:18; Ps 108:14; Dan 1:9; Dan 1:17 הקדוש ׳ הא ׳ י 1Sam 6:20 הגדול ׳ הא ׳ י Neh 8:6 אשר ׳ בירושלם הא Ezra 1:3 אדני האלהים Dan 9:3 in many phrases, as איש האלהים the man of God , acting under divine authority and influence: =
\ \ \ (a ) angel Judg 13:6; Judg 13:8,
\ \ \ (b ) prophet (the term coming into use in the Northern kingdom in the age of Elijah 1Sam 9:9-10, compare אִישׁ הָרוּחַ Hos 9:7): of Moses Deut 33:1; Josh 14:6 (E ) 1Chr 23:14; 2Chr 30:16; Ezra 3:2; Ps 90:1 of Samuel 1Sam 9:6-10 of David 2Chr 8:14; Neh 12:24; Neh 12:36 Shemaiah 1Kgs 12:22 (= 2Chr 11:2); Elijah, Elisha , and others of their time 1Kgs 13:1-31; 1Kgs 17:18-24; 1Kgs 20:28; 2Kgs 1:9-13; 2Kgs 4:7-42; 2Kgs 5:8-20; 2Kgs 6:6-15; 2Kgs 7:2-9; 2Kgs 8:2-11; 2Kgs 13:19; 2Kgs 23:16-17 (Ephr ) 2Chr 25:7; 2Chr 25:9 unnamed prophet 1Sam 2:27 Hanan Jer 35:4 a later title of prophet was עֶבֶד האלהים the servant of God , used of Moses 1Chr 6:34; 2Chr 24:9; Neh 10:30; Dan 9:11. בית האלהים the house of God , Judg 18:31, especially late, Chronicles (52 t.) Eccl 4:17; Dan 1:2 ׳ בית י ׳ הא 1Chr 22:1 ארון (ברית) האלהים the ark (of the covenant ) of God Judg 20:27; 1Sam 4:1-5:12; 1Sam 14; 2Sam 6:1-7:29; 2Sam 15 (23 t.); 1Chr 13; 1Chr 15; 1Chr 16; 2Chr 1:4 (13 t.); מטה האלהים the rod of God Exod 4:20; Exod 17:9 (E ); הר האלהים the mount of God (Horeb) Exod 3:1; Exod 4:27; Exod 18:5; Exod 24:13 (E ) 1Kgs 19:8 (Ephr ); מלאך האלהים the (theophanic ) angel of God Gen 31:11; Exod 14:19 (E ) Judg 6:20; Judg 13:6; Judg 13:9; 2Sam 14:17; 2Sam 14:20; 2Sam 19:28 in other combinations Exod 18:16; Num 23:27 (E ) Judg 20:2; 1Sam 4:8; 1Sam 5:11; 1Sam 10:5; 2Sam 16:23; 1Kgs 12:22; 1Chr 21:7 + (14 t.) Ps 87:3; Eccl 9:1.
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4. אֱלֹהִים = God אֱלֹהִים אֱמֶת ׳ י = Yahweh is God in truth Jer 10:10.
\ \ a.אלהים (as subject object direct or indirect) is used by P (50 t. in story of creation and deluge, elsewhere 28 t.), by E (91 t.), J chiefly in poetic sources Gen 3:1; Gen 3:3; Gen 3:5 (twice in verse); Gen 9:27; Gen 39:9; Deut 32:17; Deut 32:39, by D (11 t.) Judges (21 t.) Samuel (50 t.) Kings (29 t.) Chronicles (45 t.); in Psalm 42-86 (180 t. often by editorial change for an original יהוה ), elsewhere Ps 3:3; Ps 5:11; Ps 7:11; Ps 7:12; Ps 9:18; Ps 10:4; Ps 10:13; Ps 14:1; Ps 14:2; Ps 14:5; Ps 25:22; Ps 36:2; Ps 36:8; Ps 77:14; Ps 100:3; Ps 108:2; Ps 108:6; Ps 108:8; Ps 108:12 (twice in verse); Ps 149:9; Job 5:8; Job 20:29; Job 28:23; Job 32:2; Job 34:9 (& in Prologue 6 t.) Prov 2:5; Prov 3:4; Prov 25:2 Ecclesiastes (7 t.) Hosea (5 t.); Amos 4:11 (כמהפכת אלתים את סדם as God overthrew Sodom = Jer 50:40 = Isa 13:19) Zech 8:23; Zech 12:8; Mic 3:7 (but אליהם ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ) Isa 35:4 Isa2 (9 t.); Jer 10:10 Ezekiel (13 t.); Malachi (5 t.); Jonah (4 t.); the phrase לאלהים ׳ היה ל Gen 28:21 (E R ) Gen 17:7; Gen 17:8; Exod 6:7; Exod 29:45; Lev 11:45; Lev 22:33; Lev 25:38; Lev 26:12; Lev 26:45; Num 15:41 (P ); Deut 26:17; Deut 29:13; 2Sam 7:24 (= 1Chr 17:22); Zech 8:8 Jeremiah (6 t.); Ezekiel (6 t.); אלהים צדיק righteous God Ps 7:10 קדשים ׳ א holy God Josh 24:19 (E ); חיים ׳ א living God Deut 5:23; 1Sam 17:26; 1Sam 17:36; Jer 10:10; Jer 23:36 חי ׳ א 2Kgs 19:4; 2Kgs 19:16 (= Isa 37:4; Isa 37:17). For the phrases ׳ יהוה א , צבאות ׳ א ׳ י , צבאות ׳ א , ׳ י ׳ אל א , ׳ יה א , ׳ צבאות א ׳ י , אלתי ׳ י , צבאות , ׳ אדני א see יהוה , יה , צבאות & אדני .
\ \ b. constructאֱלֹהֵי
\ \ \ (a ) with persons אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם = God of Abraham , a phrase of J , Gen 26:24; Gen 28:13; Gen 31:53, elsewhere Ps 47:10; 1Kgs 18:36; 1Chr 29:18; 2Chr 30:6 אדני אברהם ׳ א Gen 24:12; Gen 24:27; Gen 24:42; Gen 24:48 (J ); אלהי אב father's God (various suffix & names), a phrase of E , Gen 31:5; Gen 31:29; Gen 31:42; Gen 46:3; Gen 50:17; Exod 3:6; Exod 3:13; Exod 3:15; Exod 3:16; Exod 15:2; Exod 18:4; Josh 18:3, elsewhere Gen 32:10; Gen 43:23 (J ) Exod 4:5 (J ?) Deuteronomy (8 t.); Judg 2:12; 2Kgs 21:22 Chronicles (31 t.); Dan 11:37 אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel's God , phrase of E , Gen 33:20; Exod 5:1; Exod 24:10; Exod 32:27; Josh 8:30; Josh 14:14; Josh 22:16; Josh 24:2; Josh 24:23, elsewhere Exod 34:23; Josh 7:13; Josh 7:19; Josh 7:20 (J E ) Num 16:9; Josh 9:18; Josh 9:19; Josh 22:24; Josh 10:40; Josh 10:42; Josh 13:14; Josh 13:33 (R see Di Josh 7:13) Judg 4:6; Judg 5:3; Judg 5:5; Judg 6:8; Judg 11:21; Judg 11:23; Judg 21:3; 1Sam 1:17 + (20 t.) Kings (26 t.) Chronicles (45 t.); Ps 41:14; Ps 106:48 (doxology) Ps 59:6; Ps 69:7; Isa 17:6; Isa 21:10; Isa 21:17; Isa 29:23 Isa3 , Isa 24:15; Isa 37:16; Isa 37:21 Isa2 , Isa 41:17 + (6 t.); Jer 35:17 + (48 t.); Ezek 8:4 + (7 t.); Zeph 2:9; Mal 2:16; Ruth 2:12 מערכות ישראל ׳ א God of the battle array of Israel 1Sam 17:45 ׳ א יַעֲקֹב 2Sam 23:1 (poetry) Ps 20:2; Ps 46:8; Ps 46:12; Ps 75:10; Ps 76:7; Ps 81:2; Ps 81:5; Ps 84:9; Ps 94:7; Isa 2:3 (= Mic 4:2); העבריים ׳ א God of the Hebrews Exod 3:18; Exod 5:3; Exod 7:16; Exod 9:1; Exod 9:13 (J E ); it is used with other proper names, Nahor Gen 31:53 (E ), Shem Gen 9:26 (J ), David 2Kgs 20:5; 2Chr 21:12; 2Chr 34:3; Isa 38:5, Hezekiah 2Chr 32:17, Elijah 2Kgs 2:14 ארני המלך ׳ א the God of my lord the king 1Kgs 1:36. (β ) with nouns of attributes or relationships , קֶרֶם ׳ א ancient God Deut 33:27 עולם ׳ א everlasting God Isa 40:28 אֱמֶת ׳ א true God
The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon
License: Public domain document; formatting developed for use in https://marvel.bible by Eliran Wong.
Source: provided by Tim Morton, the developer of Bible Analyzer
\ \ a.
\ \ b. construct
\ \ \ (
License: Public domain document; formatting developed for use in https://marvel.bible by Eliran Wong.
Source: provided by Tim Morton, the developer of Bible Analyzer