BDB2240 [H2022 H2042]
1. mountain, hill (these often not sharply distinguished, but):
\ \ a. specificallymountain, high elevation , often in all the literature; — e. g. הַר סִינַי Mount Sinai (properly, the Mount of Sinai; so always) Exod 19:11; Exod 19:18; Exod 19:20; Exod 19:23; Exod 24:16; Exod 31:18; Exod 34:2; Exod 34:4; Exod 34:29; Exod 34:32; Lev 7:38; Lev 25:1; Lev 26:46; Lev 27:34; Num 3:1; Num 28:6; Neh 9:13 (see סִינַי ); also הָהָר = id. , Exod 19:2 + 10 t. Exod 19 (Exod 19:18 read הָעָם , so Manuscripts ᵐ5 Di ) Exod 20:18; Exod 24:4 + 6 t. Exod 24; Exod 25:40; Exod 26:30; Exod 27:8; Exod 32:1; Exod 32:15; Exod 32:19; Exod 34:2; Exod 34:3 (twice in verse); Exod 34:29 = הֵר חוֺרֵב Exod 33:6 (see חֹרֵב ), also אֶלהַֿר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵ֑בָה Exod 3:1, עַד הַר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵב 1Kgs 19:8 further הָהָר = id. , Deut 4:11 (twice in verse); Deut 5:4; Deut 5:5; Deut 5:19; Deut 5:20; Deut 9:9 + 10 t. Deut 9. 10, 1Kgs 19:11 = הַר הָאֱלֹהִים Exod 4:27; Exod 18:5; Exod 24:13 (all J E ) = הַר יחוה Num 10:33 (compare Di ); see further הֹר הָהָר Hor the mount (so always) Num 20:22 + 10 t. Numbers; Deut 32:50 = חָחָר Num 20:28 (twice in verse); הַר נְבוֺ Deut 32:49; Deut 34:1 = הָהָר Deut 32:50 = הַר הָעֲבָרִים הַזֶּה Num 27:12; Deut 32:49, compare (לִפְנֵי נְבוֺ ) הָרֵי הָעֲבָרִים Num 33:47; Num 33:48 הַר גְּרִזִּים Mt. Gerizim Deut 11:29; Deut 27:12; Josh 8:33 ראֹשׁ הַרגְּֿרִזִּים Judg 9:7 הַר עֵֹיבָ֑ל Mt. Ebal Deut 11:29; Deut 27:4; Deut 24:13; Josh 8:30; Josh 8:33 also הַר חֶרְמוֺן Mt. Hermon Deut 3:8; Josh 11:17; Josh 12:1; Josh 12:5; Josh 13:5; Josh 13:11; 1Chr 5:23 compare Deut 4:48 הַר שִׂיאֹן הוּא חֶרְמוֺן (see חֶרְמוֺן ), & הַר בַּעַל חֶרְמוֺן (see id. , & בעל חרמון below בעל ); הַר חַלְּבָנוֺן Mt. Lebanon Judg 3:3, compare מְרוֺם הָרִים יַרְכְּתֵי לְבָנוֺן 2Kgs 19:23 = Isa 37:24 (see לבנון ); הַר הַכַּרְמֶ֑ל Mt. Carmel 1Kgs 18:19; 1Kgs 18:20; 2Kgs 2:25; 2Kgs 4:25 (see כרמל ); הָהָר = id. , 2Kgs 4:27, apparently also 2Kgs 1:9 הַר תָּבוֺר Mt. Tabor , Judg 4:6; Judg 4:12; Judg 4:14, compare Jer 46:18 תָּבוֺר בֶּהָרִים (opposed to כַּרְמֶל בַּיָּם ); הַר הַגִּלְבֹּעַ 1Sam 31:1; 1Sam 31:8; 2Sam 1:6, also (poetry) ׳ הָרֵי בַּגּ v2Sam 1:21 (compare Dr ); הַרחֶֿרֶס Judg 1:35 (Stu עָר חֶרֶס ) compare חֶרֶס ; הַר הַזֵּיתִים Zech 14:4 (twice in verse) Mount of Olives , (opposed to גֵּיא ) compare הָהָר אֲשֶׁר מִקֶּדֶם לָעִיר Ezek 11:23 also בָּהָר אֲשֶׁר עַלפְּֿנֵי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ 1Kgs 11:7 (place of Solomon's idolatry) = הַרהַֿמַּשְׁחִית 2Kgs 23:13 mountain of the destroyer (same combination in another, figurative sense Jer 51:25), others derive ׳ הַמ here from משׁח anoint , and render as = Mt. of Olives (cited as הר המשׁחה Talmud, Shabb. 56 b), compare HoffmZAW 1882, 175 ; אַחַד הֶהָרִים in land of Moriah Gen 22:2 mountains about Jerusalem in general, יְרוּשָׁלַםִ הָרִים סָבִיב לָהּ Ps 125:2 compare also Ps 121:1 (|| יהוה ); הָהָר of citadel of Jerusalem Isa 22:5 of temple hill הַר הַבַּיִת Mic 3:12 = Jer 26:18 ׳ הַר בֵּיתיֿ Isa 2:2 = Mic 4:1; 2Chr 33:15 also הֲרָרִי בַּשָּׂדֶה Jer 17:3 further הַר צִיּוֺן Mt. Zion Isa 4:5; Isa 8:18; Isa 10:12; Isa 18:7; Isa 24:23; Isa 29:8; Isa 31:4; Isa 37:32; Mic 4:7; Lam 5:18; Obad 1:17. Joel 3:5; Ps 48:3; Ps 48:12; Ps 74:2; Ps 78:68; Ps 125:1 (see also צִיּוֺן ); compare הַר בַּ֯יתצִֿיּוֺן Isa 10:32, ׳ הַר בַּת צ Isa 16:1 ׳ הַריֿ Isa 2:3 = Mic 4:2; Isa 30:29; Ps 24:3 (id. of Horeb Num 10:33 J E ); צְבָאוֺת ׳ הַריֿ הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ Zech 8:3, הַרקָֿדְשִׁי Zeph 3:11; Obad 1:16; Ezek 20:40; Isa 11:9 = Isa 65:25, compare Isa 56:7; Isa 57:13; Isa 65:11; Joel 2:1 (|| צִיּוֺן ) Joel 4:17 (|| id. ) Ps 2:6 (|| id. ) Ps 3:5; Ps 15:1; Ps 43:3; Ps 48:2 see further הַרקָֿדְשִׁי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Isa 66:20 compare Dan 9:16 & הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Isa 27:13 also הַר צְבִיקֹֿדֶשׁ Dan 11:45 הַרהַֿקֹּדֶשׁ Jer 31:23 even הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהַי Dan 9:20 other designations of temple-hill are הָהָר חָמַד לְשִׁבְתּוֺ ׳ א Ps 68:17, & הַר מְרוֺם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezek 17:23; Ezek 20:40 (|| הַרקָֿדְשִׁי ); הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהִים Ezek 28:14 of the distant abode of God (or gods?) so הַר אֱלֹהִים vEzek 28:16 (הַראֱֿלֹהִים Ps 68:16 is general, a God's mountain , i.e. a majestic mountain, likewise in simile כְּהַרֲרֵיאֵֿל מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ Ps 36:7); — הַר הָאֱלֹהִים elsewhere of Horeb (Sinai) Exod 4:27; Exod 18:5; Exod 24:13; 1Kgs 19:8 (see above). Note particular הַרמֿוֺעֵד Isa 14:13 mountain of meeting or of assembly , i.e. the dwelling-place of the gods, according to Babylonian conception, here represented as in the far north, see especially Che De Di , DlPa 117 ff. COTon the passage Jr57 ff. JenKosmologie 23. Upon the mountain is עָלהָֿהָר compare וַתֵּבְךְּ עַלבְּֿתוּלָיהָ עַלהֶֿהָרִים Judg 11:38, & the peculiar phrase וְאֵלְכָה וְיָרַדְתִּי עַלֿ הֶהָרִים vJudg 11:37 go up upon עָלָה אָלֿ Exod 19:23; Exod 24:13; Exod 34:4 (all J E ); compare accusative in הַעַל אֹתָם הֹר הָהָר Num 20:25 speak with one upon is דבר בהר Exod 31:18; Exod 34:32; Num 3:1 (all P ), Lev 25:1 (H ), compare command, give commands, law , etc., בהר Lev 7:38; Lev 26:46; Lev 27:34 (all P or H ); other phrases with בְּ upon (literally in , i.e. in the midst of a group of mountains) Exod 34:3 בְּכָל (J E ) Exod 25:40; Exod 26:30; Exod 27:8; Num 28:6 (all P ), Isa 13:4 but בְּחֹרֵב Ps 106:19 = at Horeb , בְּהֹר הָהָר Num 33:37 at Mt. Hor; go down from the mountain is יָרַד מִןהָֿהָר Exod 32:1; Exod 32:15 (both J E ) Exod 34:29 (twice in verse) (both P ), compare Judg 9:36 etc.
\ \ b.mountain-range הַרבָּֿשָׁן Ps 68:16 (twice in verse) = הַראֱֿלֹהִים vPs 68:16 = הַרגַּֿבְנֻנִּים vPs 68:16, הָרִים גַּבְנֻנִּים vPs 68:17 (of the Jebel Hauran: see בשׁן ).
\ \ c.mountain , indefinite, Job 14:18 (|| צוּר ); usually plural mountains , in general, or the mountains , especially in poetry & the higher style; often figurative; הָרִים , הֶהָרִים , covered by flood Gen 7:20 compare vGen 7:19; Gen 8:5 covered by waters & freed therefrom by word of God (at creation) Ps 104:6 a chief work of God (in creation) Amos 4:13; Ps 65:7; Ps 90:2; Prov 8:25 (|| גְּבָעוֺת ); weighed by God Isa 40:12 removed and overturned in anger of God Job 9:5 compare Ps 46:3; Ps 46:4 devastated by God Isa 42:15 (|| גְּבָעוֺת ) compare Jer 9:9 smoking at God's touch Ps 104:32; Ps 144:5 melting at presence of ׳ י Judg 5:5; Mic 1:4; Ps 97:5; Isa 63:19; Isa 64:2 trembling Isa 5:25 compare Jer 4:24 (|| גְּבָעוֺת ), Nah 1:5 (|| id. ), Hab 3:10 called to witness Yahweh's dealings with his people Mic 6:2 (|| הָאֵתָנִים מֹסְדֵי אָ֑רֶץ ) compare vMic 6:1 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת ), entreated to cover the guilty Hos 10:8 (|| גְּבָעוֺת ); addressed by ׳ י also Ezek 6:3 (|| גְּבָעוֺת , opposed to אֲפִיקִים , גֵּאָוֺת ); specifically, mountains of Israel summoned to hear ׳ י and addressed by him Ezek 36:1 (twice in verse); Ezek 36:4; Ezek 36:8; Ezek 37:22; Ezek 38:8; Ezek 39:2; Ezek 39:4 summoned to praise ׳ י Ps 148:9 (|| גְּבָעוֺת ) compare Isa 44:23; Isa 49:13; Isa 55:12 (|| גְּבָעוֺת ); leaping in praise of ׳ י Ps 114:4; Ps 114:6 (both || גְּבָעוֺת ); הַרֲרֵיקֶֿדֶם Deut 33:15 (|| גִּבְעוֺת עוֺלָם ); הַרֲרֵיעַֿד Hab 3:6 (|| id. ); הַרֲרֵיעַֿד also Ps 76:5 (according to ᵐ5 Bi Che ; ᵑ0 has טֶרֶף for עַד ), and probably Gen 49:26 for ᵑ0 הוֺרַי עַד (|| גִּבְעֹת עוֺלָם ) compare Di .
\ \ d.high mountain הַר גָּבֹהַּ Isa 30:25 (|| גִּבְעָה נִשָּׂאָה ) compare Isa 40:9; Isa 52:7 הַר גָּכֹהַּ מְאֹד Ezek 40:2 הַר גָּבֹהַּ וְתָלוּל Ezek 17:22 plural הֶהָרִים הַגְּבֹהִים Gen 7:19; Ps 104:18 (|| סְלָעִים ), הָרָמִים ׳ הֶה Isa 2:14 as symbol of strength and pride (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת הַנִּשָּׂאוֺת ), compare הֶהָרִים Ezek 38:20 (|| מַדְרֵגוֺת , חוֺמָה ).
\ \ e. opposite valley or plain Josh 12:8 (D ; opposed to מִדְּבָּר , אֲשֵׁדוֺת , עֲרָבָה , שְׁפֵלָה ), compare Deut 1:7, also Jer 17:26 (opposed to שְׁפֵלָה ); Gen 19:17 (J ; opposed to כִּכָּר ); often opposed to גַּיְא 2Kgs 2:16; Ezek 31:12 (figurative) Ezek 32:5 (id. ) Ezek 35:8 (|| גִּבְעָה ), Ezek 36:4 (|| id. ), Isa 40:4 (|| id. ), opposed to בִּקְעָה Deut 8:7; Deut 11:11; Ps 104:8 opposed to מִדְבָּר Lam 4:19 (compare Josh 12:8 above); בֵּין הָרִים Ps 104:10 is || בַּנְּחָלִים ; see also וְלֹאאֱֿלֹהֵי עֲמָקִים ׳ אֱלֹהֵי הָרִים י 1Kgs 20:28, compare v1Kgs 20:23 (opposed to מִישׁוֺר ); note also הַר הָעֵמֶק Josh 13:19 (P ), & גֵּיאהָֿרַי , גֵּיהָֿרִים Zech 14:5 (twice in verse); further מִדְבַּר הָרִים Ps 75:7 mountainous desert Vrss. & most modern (Baer מִדְבָּר but compare De ); mountain-ward is הֶ֫רָה Gen 14:10. feminine mountains as hiding-places: — הַמִּנְהָרוֺת אֲוֶר בֶּהָרִים Judg 6:2 the burrows (Stanley, VB ) which are in the mountains ; compare Ps 11:1; Jer 16:16 (|| גִּבְעָה ); הָפַךְ מִשֹּׁרֶשׁ הָרִים Job 28:9 (of mining), see also Deut 8:9.
\ \ g. mountains as running-place of gazelles 1Chr 12:8 of leopardsהַרֲרֵי נְמֵרִים Song 4:8 hunting-ground for partridges 1Sam 26:20 עוֺף הָרִים Ps 50:11 compare Ps 11:1 (figurative); wandering-place of lost sheep (figurative) Nah 3:18; 1Kgs 22:17; Jer 50:6 compare vJer 50:6 (|| גִּבְעָה ), Ezek 34:6 (|| כָּלגִּֿבְעָה רָמָה ) 2Chr 18:16.
\ \ h. grazing-places for cattleבְּהֵמוֺת בְּהַרֲרֵיאָֿ֑לֶף Ps 50:10 (read אֵל for אלף Ol Bi Che ), compare יְתוּר הָרִים Job 39:8 of pasture of wild ass; also (si vera lectio) בּוּל הָרִים Job 40:20, i.e. mountains as furnishing food for hippopotamus; see further Song 4:6; Song 8:14; Prov 27:25.
\ \ i. as place of field and vineyards 2Chr 26:10 (opposed toשְׁפֵלָה , מִישׁוֺר ) Isa 7:25 see also הַמַּצְמִיחַ הָרִים חָצִיר Ps 147:8 compare Hag 1:11 figurative Ps 72:3 (|| גְּבָעוֺת ); in promise יִטְּפוּ הֶהָרִים עָסִיס וְהַגְּבָעוֺת תֵּלַכְנָה חָלָב Joel 4:18 compare Amos 9:13
\ \ j. as kindled into flame (i.e. their forests; in simile) Ps 83:15.
\ \ k. as scene of massacre, (figurative) Isa 34:3melting with blood ; as place of battle array, height 1Sam 17:3 (twice in verse).
\ \ a. specifically
\ \ b.
\ \ c.
\ \ d.
\ \ e. opposite valley or plain Josh 12:8 (
\ \ g. mountains as running-place of gazelles 1Chr 12:8 of leopards
\ \ h. grazing-places for cattle
\ \ i. as place of field and vineyards 2Chr 26:10 (opposed to
\ \ j. as kindled into flame (i.e. their forests; in simile) Ps 83:15.
\ \ k. as scene of massacre, (figurative) Isa 34:3
1. as places of illicit worship Isa 65:7 (|| גְּבָעוֺת ) compare Jer 3:6 & apparently vJer 3:25 (|| id. ) so הַרגָּֿבֹהַּ וְנִשָּׂא Isa 57:7, הֶהָרִים הָרָמִים Deut 12:2 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת ); but Ezek 18:6; Ezek 18:15 read perhaps הַדָּם for הרים compare RSK 310 & Ezek 33:25. masculine in various combinations צַד הָהָר 1Sam 23:26 (twice in verse); 2Sam 13:34 side of the mountain , צֵלַע הָהָר 2Sam 16:13 id. ; מֹץ הָרִים Isa 17:13 chaff of mountains ; זֶרֶם הָרִים Job 24:8 mountain-shower ; צֵל הֶהָרִים Judg 9:36 shadow of the mountains ; מִבֵּין שְׁנֵי הָרִים וְהֶהָרִים הָרֵי נְחשֶׁת Zech 6:1 top of mountain usually ראֹשׁ הָהָר Num 14:40; Num 14:44; 1Sam 26:13; 2Kgs 1:9 as place for beacon Isa 30:17 (|| גִּבְעָה ), (compare הַרנִֿשְׁפֶּה Isa 13:2 & נְשׂאֹנֵֿס הָרִים Isa 18:3), ראֹשׁ הֶהָרִים Isa 2:2 = Mic 4:1, ראֹשׁ הָרִים Isa 42:11 (|| סֶלַע as dwelling-place) see also Ps 72:16 רָאשֵׁי הֶהָרִים Gen 8:5 as lurking-places for ambuscade Judg 9:25; Judg 9:36, placesfor altars Ezek 6:13 (|| גִּבְעָה רָמָה ), for sacrifice Hos 4:13 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת ); ראֹשׁ הָהָר Josh 15:8 = mountain-ridge , compare vJosh 15:9; Judg 16:3 תּוֺעֲפוֺת הָרִים Ps 95:4 foundations of mountains מוֺסְדֵי הָרִים Deut 32:22; Ps 18:8 (|| מוֺסְדוֺת הַשָּׁמַיִם 2Sam 22:8); compare לְקִצְבֵי הָרִים יָרַדְתִּי Jonah 2:7. noun in figure uses: תָּדוּשׁ הָרִים וְתָדֹק וּגְבָעוֺת כַּמֹּץ תָּשִׂים Isa 41:15 figurative of Israel's overcoming its foes; יִתְנַגְּפוּ רַגְלֵיכֶם עַלהָֿרֵי נָ֑שֶׁף Jer 13:16 of encountering hopeless calamities; הֶהָרִים Isa 54:10 as less permanent & changeless than Yahweh's kindness (|| גְּבָעוֺת ); הַר הַמַּשְׁחִית Jer 51:25 & הַר שְׂרֵפָה vJer 51:25 figurative of Babylon.
2. hill-country, mountain-region ,
\ \ a. opposed to plain, etc.: — dwelling-place of Canaanites,הָהָר Num 13:17; Num 13:29 (of promised land; opposed to אֶרֶץ הַנֶּגֶב , הַיָּם & יַדהַֿיַּרְדֵּן ); בָּֽעֲרָבָה בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבַנֶּגֶב וּבְחוֺף הַיָּם Deut 1:7 בָּהָר וּבָֽעֲרָבָה נֶגֶב כִּנְַּרוֺת וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבְנָפוֺת דּוֺר מִיָּם Josh 11:2 בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבָֽעֲרָבָה וּבָֽאֲשֵׁדוֺת וּבַמִּדְבָּר וּבַנֶּגֶב Josh 12:8 compare Josh 9:1; Josh 10:40; Judg 1:9 הָהָר indefinite (the hill-country, the mountains , in general) 2Chr 2:1 (place for hewing wood) so v.2Chr 2:17; Neh 8:15 (place for cutting boughs), etc.
\ \ b. of a particular mountain-region, hill-country:הַר הָאֱמֹרִי Deut 1:7 (compare vDeut 1:7) vDeut 1:19 (compare vDeut 1:24), also Josh 10:6 of Amalekites Judg 12:15 of Ephraim Josh 17:15; Josh 19:50; Josh 20:7; Josh 21:21; Josh 24:30; Josh 24:33; Judg 3:27; Judg 4:5; Judg 7:24; Judg 9:48; Judg 17:1 + 6 t. Judg 17; 1Sam 1:1; 1Sam 9:4; 1Sam 14:22; 2Sam 20:21; 1Kgs 4:8; 1Kgs 12:25;
The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon
License: Public domain document; formatting developed for use in https://marvel.bible by Eliran Wong.
Source: provided by Tim Morton, the developer of Bible Analyzer
\ \ a. opposed to plain, etc.: — dwelling-place of Canaanites,
\ \ b. of a particular mountain-region, hill-country:
License: Public domain document; formatting developed for use in https://marvel.bible by Eliran Wong.
Source: provided by Tim Morton, the developer of Bible Analyzer