BDB8451 [H7673]

שָׁבַת₇₁ verb cease, desist, rest (As šabâtu, probably cease, be completed Dl^WB Zim^{KAT 3. 593} (Jen^{ZA iv (1889), 277 f.} is sceptical); Arabic cut off, interrupt; Late Hebrew has שֶׁבֶת neglect, etc., Aramaic שִׁבְתָּא cost of nealect); —

Qal₂₇ Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Gen 2:3 +; 3 plural שָׁבָ֑תוּ Lam 5:14, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁבּוֺת Hos 7:4 יִשְׁבֹּת Prov 22:10 + 2 t.; 3 feminine singular תִּשְׁבֹּת Lev 26:35 תִּשְׁבַּת vLev 26:34; Neh 6:3 +, etc.; —

1. cease: (absolute 13 t.) of seasons Gen 8:22 (J); manna Josh 5:12 (P), etc., Isa 14:4 (twice in verse); Neh 6:3 +; with מִן Hos 7:4 + 3 t.

2. desist from labour, rest:
\ \ a. with מִן (of god) Gen 2:2; Gen 2:3 (P).
\ \ b. מִן omitted, ב temporal Exod 23:12 (E), Exod 16:30; Exod 34:21 (J), Exod 31:17 (P); ׳בֶּחָרִישׁ וּבַקָּצִיר שׁ Exod 34:21 (J; i.e., even in these busy seasons).
\ \ c. land in 7th year Lev 26:34; Lev 26:35 (twice in verse) (H), 2Chr 36:21. — Lev 23:32; Lev 25:2 see [ שָׁבַת] verb denominative below Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נִשְׁבַּת Isa 17:3 + 2 t.; plural נִשְׁבְּתוּ Ezek 6:6 — cease: absolute Ezek 6:6; Ezek 30:18; Ezek 33:28 with מִן Isa 17:3. Hiph`il₄₀ Perfect 3 masculine singular הִשְׁבִּית Ruth 4:14 +; 2 masculine singular הִשְׁבַּתָּ Ps 89:45; Ps 119:119, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַשְׁבִּיתּ Prov 18:18; Dan 9:27 וַיַּשְׁבֵּת 2Kgs 23:11; 2Chr 16:5, etc.; Infinitive construct הַשְׁבִּית Ps 8:3 לַשְׁבִּית Amos 8:4 (Ges^{«GKC:53q»§ 53q}); Imperative masculine plural הַשְׁבִּ֫יתוּ Isa 30:11 Participle מַשְׁבִּית Jer 16:9; Ps 46:10 —

1. cause to cease, put an end to: with accusative mirth Hos 2:13, work 2Chr 16:5; Neh 4:5 sacrifice Dan 9:27 war Ps 46:10, compare Isa 13:11; Ezek 7:24; Prov 18:18 + 6 t., + קוֺל שָׂשׂוֺן מִן ׳הִשׁ Jer 7:34; Jer 16:9, compare Jer 48:33.

2. = exterminate, destroy: with accusative 2Kgs 23:5; 2Kgs 23:11; Amos 8:4 (Now conjectures העשׁקים), Hos 1:4; Ps 8:3; Ps 119:119 with accusative + מִן, Jer 36:29, מִן הָאָרֶץ Lev 26:6 (H), Ezek 34:25 אלילים Ezek 30:13; Deut 32:26.

3. cause to desist from: with מִן Ezek 16:41; Ezek 34:10; Exod 5:5 (E = give rest from); לְבִלְתִּי infinitive Josh 22:25 (P).

4. remove ( = מִן הֵסִיר): with מִן Ezek 23:27; Ezek 23:48; Ps 89:45 (text dubious: read הִשְׁבַּתּוֺ [

3.] ᵐ5 Du; מַטֵּה הֹדוֺ Herz Che, see also below טֳהָר); leaven מבתים Exod 12:15 (P); מִפָּנֵינוּ ׳ישׂר ׳אֶחקֿ ׳הַשׁ Isa 30:11.

5. cause to fail, let be lacking: salt מֵעַל מִנְחָתֶ֑ךָ Lev 2:12 (P); accusative pers + ל person Jer 48:35; Ruth 4:14.

The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon
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